Introduction

Official package repositories are often hostwnloads can be slow. Mirror sites replicate these repositories on servers closer to you, dramatically speeding up package installations.

China Mirrors

For developers in China, these mirrors provide fast access to most open source packages:

Mirror	Provider	URL
Aliyun	Alibaba Cloud	developer.aliyun.com/mirror
om/Pana/nrm)

goproxy.cn ubuntu"
“https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu"
“https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu"; do speed=$(curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{speed_download}" "$mirror/dists/jammy/Release”) echo “$speed bytes/s - $mirror” done


## Resources

- [Aliyun Mirror](https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/)
- [Tsinghua Mirror](https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)
- [Chinese Open Source Mirror Sites (Gitee)](https://gitee.com/gsls200808/chinese-opensource-mirror-site)
- [nrm — npm registry manager](https://github.cst:
# Fastly CDN (default): https://pypi.org/simple/
# Cloudflare: https://pypi.cloudflare.com/simple/

npm

# Official registry uses Cloudflare CDN — fast globally
# For specific regions, use:
nrm ls  # shows all available registries

Testing Mirror Speed

# Test download speed from different mirrors
curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{speed_download}\n" \
  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy/Release

# Compare multiple mirrors
for mirror in \
  "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/irrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles"

Global Mirrors

For developers outside China, these global mirrors provide fast downloads:

Ubuntu/Debian

# Use the closest mirror automatically
sudo apt install netselect-apt
sudo netselect-apt

# Or manually select a regional mirror
# US: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
# EU: http://eu.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
# Asia: http://asia.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/

PyPI

# Official PyPI is fast globally, but alternatives exi

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

Go Modules

# Set GOPROXY
go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct

# Or in shell profile
export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct

Homebrew (macOS)

# Use Tsinghua mirror
export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"
export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN="https://mliyun.com/repository/public</url>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
</settings>

Gradle (Java/Kotlin)

// build.gradle or settings.gradle
repositories {
    maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
    maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
    mavenCentral()
}

Docker Hub

// /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com",
    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://registry.docker-cn.com"
  ]
} cnpm (Chinese npm mirror client)
npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com
cnpm install express

# Or use nrm to manage registries
npm install -g nrm
nrm ls       # list available registries
nrm use taobao  # switch to Taobao mirror
nrm use npm     # switch back to official

Maven (Java)

<!-- ~/.m2/settings.xml -->
<settings>
  <mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <id>aliyun</id>
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
      <name>Aliyun Maven Mirror</name>
      <url>https://maven.a.edu.cn/simple/`
- Tencent: `https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple/`

### npm (Node.js)

```bash
# Set registry
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

# Verify
npm config get registry

# Useudo apt update

pip (Python)

# One-time use
pip install numpy -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

# Set as default (global)
pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
pip config set global.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

# Or edit ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

Popular pip mirrors:

Aliyun: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Tsinghua: `https://pypi.tuna.tsinghuaiginal sources sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

Replace with Aliyun mirror (Ubuntu 22.04)

sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list « ‘EOF’ deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse EOF

Configuring Mirrors

apt (Ubuntu/Debian)

# Backup or| Tsinghua | Tsinghua University | [mirrors.tuna.tsinghua

Open Sout Package Downloads Worldwide