Web3 Development Tools and Resources Complete Guide 2026

# Hardhat - Ethereum development environment
npm install --save-dev hardhat

# Create project
npx hardhat init

// hardhat.config.js
module.exports = {
  solidity: "0.8.19",
  networks: {
    mainnet: {
      url: process.env.MAINNET_RPC,
      accounts: [process.env.PRIVATE_KEY]
    }
  }
};

// Deploy script
const hre = require("hardhat");
async function main() {
  const Contract = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory("MyContract");
  const contract = await Contract.deploy();
  await contract.deployed();
  console.log("Deployed to:", contract.address);
}
main();

// OpenZeppelin Contracts
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";

contract MyNFT is ERC721, Ownable {
    uint256 public tokenCount;
    
    constructor() ERC721("MyNFT", "MNFT") {}
    
    function mint(address to) external onlyOwner {
        _mint(to, tokenCount);
        tokenCount++;
    }
}

import { ethers } from 'ethers';

// Connect to wallet
const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider('https://eth-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/KEY');
const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);

// Read contract
const contract = new ethers.Contract(contractAddress, abi, provider);
const balance = await contract.balanceOf(address);

// Write contract
const contractWithSigner = contract.connect(wallet);
const tx = await contractWithSigner.mint(address, amount);
await tx.wait();

import Web3 from 'web3';

const web3 = new Web3('https://eth-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/KEY');

// Get accounts
const accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();

// Send transaction
await web3.eth.sendTransaction({
  from: accounts[0],
  to: '0x...',
  value: web3.utils.toWei('0.1', 'ether')
});

const { expect } = require("chai");

describe("MyToken", function() {
  let token;
  let owner;
  let addr1;
  
  beforeEach(async function() {
    const Token = await ethers.getContractFactory("MyToken");
    token = await Token.deploy();
    [owner, addr1] = await ethers.getSigners();
  });
  
  it("Should mint tokens to owner", async function() {
    await token.mint(owner.address, 100);
    expect(await token.balanceOf(owner.address)).to.equal(100);
  });
});

// Connect wallet
async function connectWallet() {
  if (window.ethereum) {
    const provider = new ethers.BrowserProvider(window.ethereum);
    const accounts = await provider.send("eth_requestAccounts", []);
    return accounts[0];
  }
  throw new Error("No wallet found");
}

// Listen for account changes
window.ethereum.on('accountsChanged', (accounts) => {
  if (accounts.length === 0) {
    // Disconnected
  } else {
    // Account changed
  }
});

# Subgraph schema
type Transfer @entity {
  id: ID!
  from: Bytes!
  to: Bytes!
  value: BigInt!
  timestamp: BigInt!
}

type _Schema_
  @fulltext(name: "tokenSearch", fields: [{name: "id"}])