Introduction
Official package repositories are often hostwnloads can be slow. Mirror sites replicate these repositories on servers closer to you, dramatically speeding up package installations.
China Mirrors
For developers in China, these mirrors provide fast access to most open source packages:
| Mirror | Provider | URL |
|---|---|---|
| Aliyun | Alibaba Cloud | developer.aliyun.com/mirror |
| om/Pana/nrm) |
- goproxy.cn
ubuntu"
“https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu"
“https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu"; do speed=$(curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{speed_download}" "$mirror/dists/jammy/Release”) echo “$speed bytes/s - $mirror” done
## Resources
- [Aliyun Mirror](https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/)
- [Tsinghua Mirror](https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)
- [Chinese Open Source Mirror Sites (Gitee)](https://gitee.com/gsls200808/chinese-opensource-mirror-site)
- [nrm — npm registry manager](https://github.cst:
# Fastly CDN (default): https://pypi.org/simple/
# Cloudflare: https://pypi.cloudflare.com/simple/
npm
# Official registry uses Cloudflare CDN — fast globally
# For specific regions, use:
nrm ls # shows all available registries
Testing Mirror Speed
# Test download speed from different mirrors
curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{speed_download}\n" \
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy/Release
# Compare multiple mirrors
for mirror in \
"https://mirrors.aliyun.com/irrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles"
Global Mirrors
For developers outside China, these global mirrors provide fast downloads:
Ubuntu/Debian
# Use the closest mirror automatically
sudo apt install netselect-apt
sudo netselect-apt
# Or manually select a regional mirror
# US: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
# EU: http://eu.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
# Asia: http://asia.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
PyPI
# Official PyPI is fast globally, but alternatives exi
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
Go Modules
# Set GOPROXY
go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
# Or in shell profile
export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
Homebrew (macOS)
# Use Tsinghua mirror
export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"
export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN="https://mliyun.com/repository/public</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
</settings>
Gradle (Java/Kotlin)
// build.gradle or settings.gradle
repositories {
maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
mavenCentral()
}
Docker Hub
// /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com",
"https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
"https://registry.docker-cn.com"
]
} cnpm (Chinese npm mirror client)
npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com
cnpm install express
# Or use nrm to manage registries
npm install -g nrm
nrm ls # list available registries
nrm use taobao # switch to Taobao mirror
nrm use npm # switch back to official
Maven (Java)
<!-- ~/.m2/settings.xml -->
<settings>
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<name>Aliyun Maven Mirror</name>
<url>https://maven.a.edu.cn/simple/`
- Tencent: `https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple/`
### npm (Node.js)
Set registry
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com
Verify
npm config get registry
Useudo apt update
### pip (Python)
One-time use
pip install numpy -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Set as default (global)
pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ pip config set global.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
Or edit ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global] index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com
Popular pip mirrors:
- Aliyun: `https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/`
- Tsinghua: `https://pypi.tuna.tsinghuaiginal sources
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
# Replace with Aliyun mirror (Ubuntu 22.04)
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF'
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
s.edu.cn](https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn) |
| Tencent | Tencent Cloud | [mirrors.cloud.tencent.com](https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com) |
| Huawei | Huawei Cloud | [mirrors.huaweicloud.com](https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com) |
| NetEase | NetEase | [mirrors.163.com](http://mirrors.163.com/) |
| Ping An | Ping An Cloud | [mirrors.pinganyun.com](https://mirrors.pinganyun.com/) |
| Sohu | Sohu | [mirrors.sohu.com](http://mirrors.sohu.com/) |
## Configuring Mirrors
### apt (Ubuntu/Debian)
Comments