动作
Sense: taste/taste, touch/feel, smell, hear/sound or see/look.
Perception: seem,appear
| English Word | Chinese Meaning |
|---|---|
| swallow | 吞 |
| spit | 吐出/喷 |
| eat | 吃 |
| chew | 咀嚼 |
| bite | 咬 |
| leap | 跳跃 |
| throw | 投掷 |
| wrestling | 摔跤 |
| grab | 抓住 |
| grasp | 抓住 |
| sieze | 抓住 |
| taste | 尝 |
| squirt | 喷射 |
| glide | 滑行 |
| shoot | 发射 |
| suck | 吸 |
| leap | 跳 |
| stuck | 卡住 |
| sting | 蜇 |
| rub | 摩擦 |
| spot | 看，鸟从高空看 |
| creep | 爬 |
| Run | 跑 |
| Walk | 走 |
| Jump | 跳 |
| Dance | 跳舞 |
| Swim | 游泳 |
| Fly | 飞 |
| Climb | 爬 |
| Crawl | 爬行 |
| Kick | 踢 |
| Punch | 击打 |
| Push | 推 |
| Pull | 拉 |
| Throw | 扔 |
| Catch | 抓住 |
| Shake | 摇动 |
| Wave | 挥手 |
| Point | 指 |
| Twist | 扭转 |
| Turn | 转动 |
| Lift | 抬起 |
| Drop | 放下 |
| Bend | 弯曲 |
| Stretch | 伸展 |
| Squeeze | 挤压 |
| Wink | 眨眼 |
| Nod | 点头 |
| Blink | 眨眼 |
| Hop | 单脚跳 |
| Skip | 跳跃 |
| Roll | 滚动 |
| stab | 刺 |
| scratch | 抓/挠/划 |
| swoop | 猛扑 |
| claw | 爪子，抓 |
| Grip | 紧握 |
| pierce | 刺穿 |
| spin | 旋转 |
| scream | 尖叫 |
| puff | 吹；阵风，一吹 |
| Skim | 浏览 |
| sweep | 扫 |
| slam | 猛撞(批评) |
| dizzy | 眼花的 |
| lit | 点亮，发光的 |
| rub | 摩擦;robber橡皮 |
| nibble | 蚕食，轻咬 |
| locomotion | n. 移动,运动 |
| tile | n/v 瓦片，铺瓦 |
| thaw | v 解冻，融化 |
| shed | v 掉，流出,棚子 |
| pour | v 倒 |
| roll | 滚 |
| stir | 搅拌 |
| clogge | 堵塞 |
| note | 说 |
| sever | cut off 切下，（使）断裂，割断；断绝（关系、联系等） |
| choke | 窒息，噎住，卡住；choking with sth. |
Onomatopoeia 拟声词
https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/intermediate/unit-15/session-4
| English Word | Chinese Meaning |
|---|---|
| Sizzling | 嘶嘶声（油煎时） |
| Bang | 砰 |
| Pop | 砰 |
| Splatter | 溅泼 |
| Crackling | 噼啪声 |
| Plop | 噗嗵声 - 豆子落入碗中 |
| Crack | 砰 |
| Chop | 劈,砍 |
| Slice | 切片 |
| Crunchy | 松脆的 |
| Ping | 砰声 |
| Slurp | 咕噜声 |
| Munch | 大声咀嚼 |
| Sprinkle | 撒, 洒, 喷 |
| Chomp | 狠咬 |
| Gulp | 痛快地喝一口 |
| grapple | 扭打 |
| peel | 剥皮 |
| slide | 滑动 ppt |
| stetch | 拉伸 |
| switch | 开关，转换 |
| bounce | 反弹 |
| clip | 夹子，剪辑，回形针 |
| strip | 剥离 |
I screamed with shock and anger when I saw the mess he’d made of the kitchen.
Others
halt
Only sporadic fighting was reported elsewhere in the city, where government forces have been battling to halt a rebel offensive.
denote
表示，意味着, to denote, to mean, sign that something is true.
The red coat he is wearing denoted he is in important position.
excavate
发掘，挖掘，开凿
estimate
估计
facilitate
推动，促进
promote/prompt 促进推动
propel 推进，push,drive
imprint 铭记，印记
jolt
震动
lament
抱怨 complain
overhaul
彻底检修，大修
propose 建议，计划
replenish vt 添加，补充（supplement）, to fill again
After eating all the cookies, she had to replenish the cookie jar by baking more.
scurry v 急跑(rush/dash)
simulate 模仿，模拟(often intent to decieve), (the look of…, environment) to make sth similar to the original.
emulate: to try to match or beat something in qualities or actions, to rival, 努力赶上, 消防
Sons are traditionally expected to emulate their fathers. emulate the success of …
substantiate vt. verify 证实, to prove the truth of something.
How do you plan to substantiate your right to inherit the billionaire’s fortune?
trace vt 探索，痕迹，微量
alleviate 减轻，缓和(relieve)
desire v. 想要，渴望，愿望，欲望
deserve 值得，应得
distinguish 区别，出名，辨别
improvise vt. 即兴创作，临时准备（不提前看）π
rescue 营救，save
rupture 破裂，断绝
break 破坏
blush 脸红
clog 阻碍，阻塞
converge 汇聚，聚合 of a sequence, to have a limit, Of two or more entities, to approach each other, to get closer and closer.
cost 成本花费
curl 卷
detest v. hate 憎恶
expect 预期，期望，anticipate
remodel 改造，重新塑造
tender 温柔的，软的，给予，投标
transcend 超越
administer 管理，执行
apologize 道歉
bind 结合，绑定
construct 建造
detect 发现，察觉，探测
determin 决定
disseminate 散步传播
extend 延长
fasten 系紧
hatch 孵化
omit 省略
prefer 更喜欢
reschedule
saturate 使充满，浸透(fill, soak)
rust 锈，生锈，使变迟钝
screen 审查
suspect 怀疑
summarize 概括，总结
underscore 强调
tolerate 忍受
afford 买得起，冒险做，提供
accredit 授权
access n/v 存取，使用，接近
afford vt 买得起，冒险做，提供
dehydrate vt 使脱水
despoil v. pillage,夺取，掠夺, to make a place less attractive especially by taking things away from it by force
engulf v. 吞没
illuminate 照亮lighten
implement 执行，实施
mock 嘲笑
postpone 推迟 延期
seep 漏出，渗漏
skip 跳
slip 滑
slice 切片
strain 张力 stress and strain
surge 汹涌奔腾，猛涨，澎湃
consume 消费
distribute v. 分配，发布
entitle 使有权; to give a legal right or claim to something; to give a particular title to something.
to prove the entitlement of my client to the property 证明我的客户有权获得该房产
My client is entitled to this property.(to give a legal right or claim to something)
This painting has been entitled appropriately.(to give a particular title to something)
fulfill v 履行，符合
hamper v. 妨碍 to delay progress; n. basket(Gift Hamper 礼物篮子)
Bad weather will hamper the rescue efforts.
The current situation will continue to hamper students to go to schools.
synonym: prevent; antonym: promote
Convince 说服
Did you convince Kevin to come to the party.
narrate 叙述
notion 观念，想法，概念
offer
outbreak
overload
populate 居住于 dwell, inhabit, live, be an inhabitant of or reside in, fill with inhabitants
proofread 校对，校正revise
incinerate 焚化；烧成灰
wane 衰退,decline gradually；ebb
interest in the project waned.
acknowledge 承认，确认
applaud 鼓掌，喝彩
absorb 吸收（take in, engage）
carve 雕刻
confer 授予，赋予；商讨，交换意见,fer-take
He wanted to confer with his colleagues before reaching a decision.
enact: 颁布 put sth. into action, particularly a law. enact a ban, enact a policy. enact a plan/rule/policy
dictate 规定，决定，命令，口述，指示
emit 发射
ferment 发酵
exhaust v. 排放，耗尽 n.排气管
insult 凌辱，侮辱
pave 铺路 pave the way
rehearse 排练
resist 抵抗
revolt 反叛，起义
segregate 分割，隔离
thrive 茂盛，茁壮成长
yield 生产
announce 宣布
proclaim 宣布
commit 承诺，负责，犯错
compress
compute
depict 描述，描绘
guarantee 保证
motivate
modify
ooze 渗出 leak seep
refurbish 重新装饰
remind 提醒
spark 火花，激发
resume 恢复
strip 剥夺，条状
stun 使晕倒
stunt 阻碍
thwart 阻碍 baffle, frustrate
vary v. 变化，改变
wither 枯萎，衰退
comply 遵守
comprise 服从
conceal 包含
conduct 隐蔽，隐瞒
crumple v. 弄皱
diagnose 诊断
dilate 膨胀扩大
generalize 概括
veil 隐藏 n. 面纱
unveil 揭开面纱
unravel: : to disengage or separate the threads of
acclaim 欢呼
coincide 巧合
comprehensive 全面的，综合的
involve 牵涉，包含
tame 驯服
convey 输送，传达
devise 设计，发明
dilute 稀释，淡化
impose 强加，征税
incinerate 焚化
inhibit 阻碍，抑制
forfeit 弃权；n. 罚款
fortify 使强壮，加强
wither 枯萎
comment, comply, comprise, conceal, conduct 评论、遵守、包含、隐瞒、行为
comment on sth.
comply the rules.
The book is comprised of 12 chapters. Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty.
conceal 隐藏
A is concealed under B.
conduct an experiment.
crumple 压垮
dilate 扩张
Red wine can help to dilate blood vessels. 红葡萄酒有助于扩张血管。
The lungs dilate in breathing. 呼吸时肺部扩张。
At night, the pupils dilate to allow in more light. 晚上，瞳孔放大以便让更多的光线射入。
generalize 概括，归纳，一般化，推广，普及；笼统地表达
- entangle 使纠缠；卷入；使混乱
- tangle （使）纠结，（使）缠结
extrapolate 推断
Execrate 恨,hate
suspect 怀疑，推测
suspicion 怀疑
postulated 推测(suppose)
sketch 速写，素描，草图
disguise 伪装
deprecate 弃用，抨击，藐视
incite 鼓动，煽动 foment, stir up, instigate
deem 认为 = think
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purge 清除，净化
tease 取笑，逗弄
comprehend 理解，领会
scrub 擦洗; to scrub the floor
trample 踩踏
posit 断定
shatter 粉碎
secret 分泌
trigger 引发，诱发，导致
boost 提高
convict 定罪，宣判……有罪；n. 已决犯，服刑囚犯
calm v. 使平静； n. 平静
derive 获得，取得；起源于，来自；提取，衍生（化学物质）
domesticate 驯养；教化；引进
drag 拉，拖动 pull, move, haul
haul （用力）拖，拉；强迫（某人）去某处；费力前进，艰难地走；<非正式>迫使（某人）出庭受审；（用运载工具）运送，运输；<英>（费力地）升级；（尤指帆船）突然改变航道
For people in cliff dwellings, hauling water, wood, and food to their homes was a major chore(苦差事).
elicit 引出，得到；<古>使（潜在的东西）显现，诱出
These differences may elicit different brain responses. 这些差异可能引起不同的大脑反应。
hide 隐藏
eviscerate 取出内脏；除去精华
lash 猛击，狠打；鞭打，抽打；怒斥，抨击；捆绑，捆扎；煽动，激励；（动物）用力甩动（尾巴）
quantify 量化
recharge 再次充电
lure 吸引，诱惑🫦
require 要求，需要
remark 评论(comment)
sprout 萌芽，长出
transplant 移植
undergo 经历，遭受
assign 指派；分配，布置作业
dismay 使担忧；使失望，使沮丧；使惊恐
defecate vi 排便；澄清
criticize 批评
glaze 上釉
explore 浏览/探索（石油勘探，寻找新资源）
exploit 利用/剥削（石油开发，利用已有资源）
While exploitation focuses on maximizing existing opportunities, exploration is about embracing the unknown and seeking out new possibilities.
confined 限制（在一个区域，限定，被迫的）
churn 搅动
culminate 到达顶峰
etched on 蚀刻在
underpin = support
oversight 监督 过失
windsome 风度翩翩
pressurize 加压(for airplane to remain pressurize all time)
opine 意见
tallying goods 理货
represent 代表，表现，描绘
rekindle 再点火，使再振作
swell 增大，膨胀
strike 敲打
undertake 承担，从事, to do, to guarantee to do, I guarantee you I will do, more formal than carry out. a big job
accelerate 使加快，加速
accumulate 积累 build up, collect
displace 取代，移位
formulate 阐明 制定
gibe 嘲弄
glean 搜集
ignore 忽视
manipulate 操作
portray 描绘
probe 探查
recruit 招募（新兵），征募
simplify 简化
spoil 破坏，变质
stash 藏匿；存放；贮藏
smelt 熔炼，冶炼；精炼
wane 衰弱，退去
suppress: to end something by force
surpass: to do or be better than
tarnish: to make or (especially of metal) become less bright or a different colour; to make people think that someone or something is less good
accuse(accused of): to say that somebody has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind.; He’s been accused of robbery/murder. Are you accusing me of lying? The surgeon was accused of negligence.
avoid: to stay away from someone or something; to prevent something from happening or to not allow yourself to do something. Unnecessary paperwork should be avoided.
scour 冲刷；擦；腹泻
evict 驱逐，逐出
When coral become stressted by pollution or other factors, thye evict their alage.
subsist: to get enough food or money to stay alive, but no more
ambush 埋伏, to suddenly attack someone after hiding and waiting for them.
lurk 潜伏
nibble 轻咬 to eat something by taking a lot of small bites
wield: to hold a weapon or tool and look as if you are going to use it
devote(spend energy/time)
to give all of something, especially your time, effort, or love, or yourself, to something you believe in or to a person
He left the Senate to devote more time to his family.
She has devoted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.
to use a space, area, time, etc. for a particular purpose
Over half his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment.
discern:(see) to see, recognize, or understand something that is not clear
I could just discern a figure in the darkness.
It is difficult to discern any pattern in these figures.
huddle(together)
inspire 鼓舞激励 to make someone feel that they want to do something and can do it
librate 解放
prescribe 开处方
paralyze 使麻痹;
paralyzed person 瘫子
rhyme n/v 韵, 押韵
sow 播种
teeming with: full of … , has many with
This water is teeming with fish.
abound vi. flourish, abundent 丰富
abound with
bustle v/n 忙碌
bloom 花/开花
delay 延迟
distract
embellish 修饰；装饰；润色
depend on(upon) 依靠，依赖
exploit
fracture v/n 破裂，折断；瓦解，分裂
hurl n/v 猛扔，猛摔；大声说出
mime/mimic 模仿
pinpoint: to find out or say the exact position in space or time of something
reform
relate 涉及
scan 扫描
slog 艰难前进
happen 碰巧
deplete: use up, exhaust, to reduce something in size or amount, especially supplies of energy, money, etc.
drive 开车，驱赶
garb v/n 服装；装束；打扮
linger 徘徊
refine: improve
proliferate vi 繁殖，激增
roll n/v 卷，滚动，一卷
strap n./v. 条，带，捆扎
synchronize 同步
complement: to make something else seem better or more attractive when combining with it
expel 开除
extract 抽出，抽取
evolve 发展，演进
drop
finalize 使完成，确定下来
fluctuate 波动
glorify: to praise and honour God or a person
jot to make a quick short note of something 草草記下;匆匆記下
germinate 发芽🌱
observe
plunge 掉入 drop, fall; to (cause someone or something to) move or fall suddenly and often a long way forward, down, or into something
repute 被普遍认为，普遍传说（be reputed）；知名的，有好名声的（be reputed）
spot 认出，发现，地点，斑点
spin 旋转，纺纱
soothe 使缓和，减轻
impact(on) 影响 affect/effect
irrigate 灌溉
obtain 获得
occur 发生，出现
roma 漫游，漫步
resemble 像。。。
shroud 隐藏 conceal
specify 使具体化
transform 使变形
wear 穿戴
conceive 构思，设想；使受孕，怀孕
deter 阻止
decompose 分解
discard 丢弃
eliminate 消除
exhibit 显示，展出
highlight
haul 拖, drag, pull
precipitate 沉淀，cause (an event or situation, typically one that is undesirable) to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.
swamp v. 浸没，吞没 n. 沼泽地
envision v. 预想，想象，设想，期待
For some reason, this hasn’t happened yet as far as I know, but I can easily envision cultivating mushrooms for the sole purpose of detoxifying a large underground ecosystem. 据我了解，因为某些原因，这个方法还没有被采用，但是我能很容易想象得出只是为了去除大的地下水系统中的毒素而培育蘑菇的场景。
permeate 弥漫，渗透
predominate 占优势
admire 钦佩，欣赏
advent 出现，到来，问世；基督降临节（Advent）；基督降临，基督复临（Advent）
bound 跳跃
apportion verb 分配，分摊，分发
appreciate 赏识，鉴赏，感激
bump 撞破
characterize 以…为特征
commission 委托，明亮； n. 佣金，回扣
spil over 溢出
decimate 大量毁灭，大批杀死(某地区的动物、植物或人);严重破坏;杀戮;大大削弱
devastate 破坏
endure： to suffer something difficult, unpleasant, or painful
excavate：to remove earth that is covering very old objects buried in the ground in order to discover things about the past
furnish 提供装备
grip - to hold very tightly
imitate: to behave in a similar way to someone or something else, or to copy the speech or behaviour, etc. of someone or something
nurture: to take care of, feed, and protect someone or something, especially young children or plants, and help him, her, or it to develop
operate 运转，开动
perpetuate（一直推） to cause something to continue；per - through, pet - push
pollinate 授粉
snap 折断
deteriorate 变坏
foreshorten 缩短
evoke 唤起
hoe 锄头，锄
frustrate 挫败
groan 呻吟
vanquish 征服
reverberate 使回响；使反射；使弹回
jeopardize 破坏，危及
maintain 维持，保持
refund 退款
rely on 依靠依赖
replace 替换，取代
restore 恢复
spew 喷涌
stagger 1. walk or move unsteadily, as if about to fall. 2. astonish or deeply shock.
adopt 采纳
allude 暗指，影射
amplify 放大
choreograph 设计舞蹈动作
collapse 倒塌，奔溃
contribute 贡献
contain 包含，容纳；遏制，防止……蔓延；抑制（感情）
distort 弄歪，歪曲
handle 处理
imbibe 吸收，接受；喝；吸入（to drink, formal word, most normaly alcohol)
Guzzle: to eat or drind rapidly and greedly
invade 入侵
negate 打消，否定
review 复习，评论
ruin 破坏
synthesize 合成
chew 咀嚼，思量
cram 填塞
collect 收集，聚集
date
diffuse 传播
disappoint 使失望，使扫兴
assail 纠缠
fabricate 捏造，编造
abolish 废除
replace 替代
oppose 反对
embody 体现，含有
to represent a quality or an idea exactly
She embodied good sportsmanship on the playing field.
foment 煽动 instigate
gonna 要去
intrude 闯入，侵入
mesmerize 使入迷，施催眠术
obsess 迷住
pique 激怒
reside 居住
respect 尊重
solder 焊接
subsidize 补助，资助
swing 摇摆
validate 使有效，使生效
abandon 放弃
beat 打，拍子
codify 编程法典，编辑成书
deprive 使失去，剥夺
deposit 沉淀，堆积
exchange 交换
expand 扩张
incapacitate 使失去能力
gallop 飞奔，疾驰
neglect 忽略，忽视
nominate 提名
replicate 复制 duplicate
supplant 取代
symbolize 象征
acquire 获得
bake 烘烤
coexist 共存
constrain 顾问，法律顾问
demonstrate 论证，表明
enclose 围住
hover 徘徊
impart: to communicate information to someone
I was rather quiet as I didn’t feel I had much wisdom to impart on the subject.
magnify 放大，扩大
lengthen 延长，使变长
perceive 感知，察觉
retain 保持
reverse 反转
sprawl 扩展，蔓延
urge 促进，力劝
withstand 经得住, tolerate, endure
verify 检验，核实
augment 增加，增大
calculate 计算，推测
decorate 装饰
dominate 支配，控制
fascinate 迷住
idealize 理想化
integrate 使成为一体
precede 在…之前
prosper 繁荣，成功
reapply 再申请
repel 驱除，排斥
signify 意味
stir 搅拌
subsist 存活，生存
tangle 混乱，纠缠
wanna 想要
assert 断言，声称
arous 唤醒
advocate 提倡
consider 认为，考虑，体谅，照顾
confine 限制
reflect 反射，反映
submerge
steer 驾驶 引导
tarnish 使失去光泽，使变暗淡
tempt 诱使
accompany 陪伴
acquaint 使认识，使熟悉
compose 创作, create/devise/constitute
to produce music, poetry, or formal writing
consort 结交 associate
contradict 反驳
correspond 相符合，相应
descend 遗传 inherit，下降 fall
decrease 减少 deminish, reduce
mediate 调解，调停
participate 参与，参加
perform 表演执行
prize 珍视，估价，奖品
refer 提到，涉及到
sew 缝纫
sharpen 削尖
speculate 推测
squabble 争吵
stress 强调
unify 统一
visualize 想象，形象化
approach 接近
cultivate 培养
gnaw 啃
jumble 混杂
libel 诽谤
maneuver 操纵，策略
outgas 除去…气 to release gases and water in the form of gas from hot, liquid rock into the air
perish 灭亡
ratify 正式批准
recycle 回收利用
respond 回答
revise 修订，修改
teem 充满 teeming with …
abut vi 邻接，毗邻; to lie adjacent to, next to …, adjoin, border on, Abutting
to abut on/upon/against.
The national park abut onto my garden.
anchor 紧固
argue 争论
assemble 集合，装配 gather, fit together; fit together the separate component parts of (a machine or other object). (of people) gather together in one place for a common purpose.
boast 自我夸耀
braid 编织 辫子 (Braid) a thin strip of cloth or twisted threads that is attached to clothes, uniforms, or other things made of cloth, as a decoration
bruise 使受伤；an injury or mark where the skin has not been broken but is darker in colour, often as a result of being hit by something
His arms and back were covered in bruises.
conserve 保存，保藏； retain, preserve
disintegrate 使瓦解，是破裂 collapse/smash
exhale 呼出
inhale 呼入
encounter 偶然碰到
establish 建立
fertilize 使受精
grant 给予，授予
inject 注射
reinforce 加固，加强
polish 磨光，上光剂
restrict 限制，约束
shift 转移，改变
split 分开
squirt 喷出，spout, spurt
thaw 使融化；解冻 melt, defrost
typify 代表；作为……的典型；具有……的特点
accommodate 供应，使适应 conform, adjust to
accustom 使习惯于
afflict 是苦恼，折磨(torture)
analyze 分析，研究
attend 出席，参加
audit 旁听
authorize 授权，批准，许可
belie 给人错觉，掩饰
contaminate 污染
depart 离开
diminish 减小
dispose 除掉，使愿意做
enroll 登记，注册
occupy 占用，占据 take up
recover 恢复
regulate 控制，管理
relieve 减轻
ascribe 分配，分派，指定，指派
assign 分配
avert 避免
blend 混合
chafe 擦热，擦破
classify 分类
combat 格斗，战斗
constitute 组成
creep 爬行
devour 贪婪地吃
entertain 招待，使娱乐
eject 逐出喷出
govern 治理，管理
hum 发嗡嗡声
inquire 打听，询问
navigate 航行，飞行
pursue 追求
recline 依靠
rinse 浣涤
scorch 烤焦
secure 安全
swear 诅咒
subdue 制服，征服
attain 达到
adapt 适合
burrow 挖地洞，洞穴
compensate 赔偿，弥补
concern 涉及，关系到
describe 描述，描写
disrupt 使中断
endow 使天生具有
fumigate 烟熏，用香薰
interact
inhabit 居住
oversleep 睡过头
refrigerate 冷藏，使变冷
reject 拒绝
revert 恢复
revoke 撤销
settle 安定，安顿
squeeze 挤压
stimulate 刺激，激励，激发
transfer
allay 减轻， reduce, alleviate
anticipate 预见
assume 假定
declare 表面
demobilize 遣散，使复原
elevate
emerge 显露
encase 包住
encompass 包含
generate 产生
gross 总计
hinder 阻碍，妨碍
incorporate 合并，纳入
migrate 迁徙
resolve 解决
rival 与 … 匹敌
terminate
advertise 做广告
arrange 安排，不知
blame 谴责
blink 眨眼
blur 使模糊
cancel 取消
concede 承认，让步
deform 使变形
crack 破裂，裂纹
distrub 打扰，扰乱
entail 牵涉
evaluate 评价
evaporate 蒸发
exert 发挥
explode 爆炸
fuse 熔合
fray 磨损
insert
interrupt
isolate 隔离
originate 起源
pertain to 附属于 to be connected with a particular subject, event, or situation:
rush 冲
scratch 刮
shrivel 使枯萎
subtract
supply 提供
survive 幸存
wreck 破坏
confront 面临，对抗
deciper 破译
exclude
exaggerate
propagate 繁殖，传播
soak 浸泡
supervise
surround 包围
alter 改变
amass 积聚
combine 联合，结合
crush 碾碎
demolish 拆除，破坏
disgust 厌恶
erode 侵蚀
inflate 使充气
leak 泄露
leak 泄漏
mint 铸造
transmit 传输
weave 迂回前进
abbreviate 缩短，缩写
annex 兼并
behave 表现，行为
cite 引用，引证
clarify 澄清
consist 存在于
crisscross 交叉往来
deliver 传送
dive
enhance 增强 increase, improve
leap 跳跃
rejuvenate 使恢复活力
shuffle 洗牌
simmer 慢煮
scrape 刮
amuse 逗乐，逗笑
cling 附着，紧贴
coax 处理（巧妙地）
dedicate 致力于
dissolve 使溶解，清楚
embarrass 使尴尬，使困窘
encourage 鼓励
epitomize 成为…缩影
inspect 检查
mention 提及，说起
utter 说
vacate 腾出，空出
withdraw 取消，撤销 retreat, recede
activat 刺激
affect 影响
affirm 断言
deny 否认
confirm 证实，使巩固，批准
execute 执行
expose 暴露
illustrate 阐明，举例说明
pound 猛击，捣碎;英镑
slide 滑动，幻灯片
crumble v. 崩裂，坍塌；（使）粉碎，（使）成碎屑；瓦解，崩溃；不再抵抗，无力应付 n. 碎屑
dampen 抑制;控制;减弱(感情、反应等);弄湿;使潮湿 inhibit
dispossess
If you want to dispossess a people, the simplest way to do it is to tell their story.
embellish 美化，点缀 making more attractive
basking 晒太阳
appraise(evaluate) 评价；access the value or quality of
surmise vi 猜测，推测(guess, speculate)
erected vt 建立 build，竖立
vie vi. 争夺;激烈竞争 Paris was vie place to go 巴黎是值得去的地方
- germinate 发芽（种子）
- fermentate 发酵（酒）
render 给予
render labor service to government
juxtaposes 并列
delineate v. （详细地）描述，解释；标明，标示（边界）to describe or mark the edge of something
lurk 潜伏，诡计，花招
consent vi/n 同意
faint 晕倒 n/vi/adj
shove off 走开
Sheared 剪切(羊毛)
accrete = grow 增长，堆积
amputate vt. 截肢；切断；删除
entail 包含，蕴含 to make something necessary, or to involve something
Such a large investment inevitably entails(包含) some risk.
Repairing the roof will entail spending a lot of money. 修屋頂免不了要花好多錢。
plague v. 困扰，折磨；烦扰，纠缠; n. 瘟疫，传染病；
delineate （详细地）描述，解释；标明，标示（边界）
mean/suggest/indicate/represent/emblem/delineate/note 象征，意味着
water percolate into the ground
eroded 侵蚀 = worm down 磨损
overlook v. 忽视，忽略 ignore
accentuated by 强调
Supremacy was accentuated by the unyielding straight lines of both individual buildings and planned settlements since these too provided a marked contrast with the natural curvilinear shapes dominant in the native realm.
epitomize 成为…的典范
lessen v. （使）缩小，（使）减少
Toolbelts free both hands and lessen the risk of dropping hammers.
工具带解放了双手，并减少了锤子掉落的危险。
lessen their regulatory burden 减轻其监管负担
run 管理, run a business.
Even so, （转折）merchants and business people did not run（管理，run a business.） medieval communities, except in central and northern Italy and in the county of Flanders
precipitate v. 加速，促进，沉淀 n. 沉淀
verges on 接近
premise 前提
take aback 吃惊
derive =gain to get something from something else:
The institute derives all its money from foreign investments.
subscribe to v. 同意，赞成，订阅
encounter v. 遇到
plunge v. 跳水，暴跌
whip v/n 鞭子/鞭打
peppered with 点缀着
tend(照料) the young
regurgitated 反刍
outwitting your predators 战胜掠食者
summoned 召唤
thwart 反对，阻挠，挫败；横过（stop）
The Decade can help thwart this needless loss of life.
harness vt. 利用
extrapolate 外推；推断; infer
engaged by 被吸引/迷住：被某事物或某人所吸引或迷住。
Her attention was engaged by the display of the new dress in the shop windows.
embellish 修饰；装饰；润色
discern v. （艰难地或努力地）看出，觉察出；了解，认识
intent on doing/noun 专注于某事 I was so intent on my work that I didn’t notice the time.
But one fish comes from the ocean, intent on colonising these streams.(goby) It’s a tiny gody, and it’s a rock climber.
appreciated = understood 赏识，重视；感激，感谢；理解，领会
recoup v. 收回，补偿
undertake 承担，从事；承诺，答应；
University professors both teach and undertake research.
tempt vt 引诱
stress n./v. 压力
stressful ajd. 有压力的
excite vt. 使兴奋，激发
concede 承认
outpacing v 超过 the science is really outpacing policy right now.
subjected to = exposed to
bulge vi/n. 凸出
obliterated 摧毁；抹除（想法、感情或记忆）
slash 削减,砍
rob 抢
inquire/ ask 询问
escort n/v 护送，陪伴; Policemen had to escort the referee from the football field.
discern 了解，认识
linger 萦绕
forfeited v. 被迫放弃 to lose sth. as a result of a fault.
coalesce vi. 合并;结合;联合; If two or more things coalesce, they come or grow together to form one thing or system. 联合，合并
replenish v. 补充
cram v. 塞
cram in
obliterated v. 摧毁；抹除（想法、感情或记忆）；（使）看不见；遮盖；盖销（尤指邮票）（ obliterate的过去式和过去分词）
usher v. 开创; 引导，引领；