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资料

心得技巧和原则

TOEFL：

一定要明确表达观点
不基于考生的真实身份
考察语言水平，不考察思想水平。（没有创新idea）
写作考试不测试考生的真实的想法
写作基于表达，而不是基于翻译
写作不同于平时写作
写作内容和语言同等重要（不要花哨）
观点的层次比观点的数目更重要
逻辑错误比语法错误更严重
跑题你完蛋了
适当写长
25 words+ 的句子有3句以上

写作训练方案：

写出来，写正确，写漂亮
写作基本知识/应试技巧
The best structures
the best reasons
the best examples
the best sentences

托福作文是解释因果关系，就涉及到两者的互相影响。所以”影响“这个表达很重要。

翻译是expressing idea, 不是word by word translation.

翻译练习和常见重要表达

科学技术的发展使人们非常轻松地学习知识。

The development of science and technology.

使: enable/make
人们：people
person: 非一般的人（鬼鬼祟祟）
people: 正常人
非常：~~very~~/unusually/extraordinarily/uncommonly/suprisingly/amazingly/astonishingly/shockingly/dramatically/impressively/notably/remarkably/considerably/noticeably/strikingly/exceedingly/extremely/largely/crazyly/greatly/tremendously/significantly/enormously
不可或缺/必须的: indispensable/necessary
大： A great number/considerable/big

越来越多的人意识到环境保护的重要性。

越来越多: ~~more and more~~, a growing number, an increaing number of, an expending number of, a rising number of(countable), a rising amount of(uncountable), in increasing amounts, the number of … is growing/increasing/rising
越来越小: decrease/diminish/shrink
可数：a number of …
不可数：an amount of …
More and more butterflies.
A growing number of butterflies.
An incresing number of butterflies.
Pigs in decreasing numbers

越来越多的父母把越来越多的钱投到了孩子的教育上。

More and more parents spend more and more money on children’s education.
A growing number of parents spend a growing amount of money on children’s education.
Parents in growing numbers spend money in growing amounts on children’s education.
The number of parents who spend a gowing amount of money on children’s education is growing.

意识到

realize/ learn/ be aware of / know / understand

环境保护

environmental protection

A growing number of people realize that the environmental protection is of considerable importance.

很重要

be of importance
play an important role

我认为在我们社区建工厂是不好的。

Building factories in our community brings disadvantages.

社区

community/ neighberhood

建工厂

factory building
building factories

不好的

~~bad~~
~~not good~~
inappropriate/improper
do harm/ do no good
bring disadvatages
bring negative influences

大量的

numerous
massive
a considerable number of
a considerable amount of

我认为

~~I think~~
I assume/argue/consider
In my opinion

东西: stuff

We have learned a considerable number of things from TV.

由于年龄的关系(年龄差距大)，父母亲对孩子的了解有时还不如他们的同伴。

Because of the considerable difference in age,

The age gap is considerabl(大).

同伴：fellow/companion/peers/friends

要是团队里的每个人都竭尽全力，他们的工作效率会有大提高。

The team’s work efficiency will significantly improve if everybody tries his best.

The team’s work efficiency will considerably improve if everybody tries his best.

竭尽全力

spare no effort
make every effort
put all one’s heart into
do one’s utmost
be fully devoted
heart and soul

提高

increase
improve

语言环境对外语学习的影响是很大的。

The language environment(atomsphere)

to do sth = doing sth. = the doing of sth = sth. doing

外语学习= to learn foreign languages = learning foreign languages = the learning of foreign languages = foreign language learning

影响 influence vt./n. 及物动词/可数名词

F influences B negatively/positively/considerably.

An influence.

The language environment influences the learning of foreign languages considerably.

The influence of A on B is positive.

The influence of A on B is considerably positive.

A brings/has/exerts negative influence on B.

The language environment exerts considerable influence on foreign language learning.

我们要像保护自己亲人那样保护野生动物。

亲人：relatives/ family member

Protect/safeguard

wild animals

We should protect wild animals like protecting our family members.
We should protect wild animals as we protect our family members.

我们在电视上学会了很多东西。

from TV, on TV, by watching TV.

好多: ~~many/much/a lot of~~/ a great number of / a considerable number of

东西: stuff/things

We have learned a considerable number of useful stuff by watching TV.

By watching TV, we have learned a great number of useful stuff.

我认为

I feel, think, hold, claim, believe, deem, maintain, reckon, argue, assume that …
in my opinion
from my point of view
from my perspective/angle
A I see/ view / perceive the problem/ question / issue / case/ discussion/ argument/ controversy
My viewpoint/ belief/ opinion is that …

句子训练方法

用多种方法表达同一句意
扩充句子；同位语，插入语，非谓语，从句，并列结构

A对B很重要

A is important to B.
A plays an important part/role in B.
A is of (great/amazing/enormous/considerable/remarkable) importance/significance to B
B cannot live/develop/grow/survice without A.
A means a lot/agreat deal/much to B.
The importance of A to B can never be exaggerated/denied/ignored/doubted.
A is essential/significant/crucial/viata/indispensable
A is everything/the whole world to B
A is fundamental/basic/elementary/rudimentary/underlying to B
A matters/counts to B
Nothing is more important to B
Nothing is the mater of A to B
A is to B what C is to D
A is to B what the foundation is to a skyscraper/ water is to fish/ the heart is to a human

教育对国家的发展很重要。

Education is of considerable importance to a country’s development.
Education plays a significant role in a country’s development.
Education is important to the development of a nation.
The importance of education to the development of a nation can never be exaggerated/denied/ignored/doubted.

句子的变化

开头的变化（名词，不定时，介词词组，分词，从句，动名词，代词…）
结尾的变化
长短句的变化
主被动（尽量用主动）

COVID also takes a more serious toll on(损害) the body than either colds or the flu.