名词:人、东西、地方。
戴帽子
前面加冠词。
a girl or the girl.
a city, the city.
单复数
规则1:以s/sh/x/ch结尾,加es
规则2:以f/fe, 变f/fe为ves
a wife - wives
a shelf - shelves
a knife - knives
a leaf - leaves
有时只加s就可以
a roof - roofs
a cliff - cliffs
a proof - proofs
a chief - chiefs
以f/fe结尾,有时有两种形式
a scarf - scarfs / scarves
a handkerchief - handkerchiefs
规则3:辅音字母+ y 结尾,变y为i+ es
a baby - babies
规则4:元音+o结尾, + s/z
a zoo - zoos
a radio - radios
不规则
a sheep - sheep
a deer - deer
an aircraft - aircraft
a swine - swine
a fish - fish
a man - men
a woman - women
a tooth - teeth
a foot - feet
a chile - children
a mouse - mice
a ox - oxen
a phenomenon - phenomena
a formula - formulate
jeans 牛仔裤
pants 长裤
shorts 短裤
pyjamas 睡衣
glasses 眼镜
可数或不可数
- 液体状态的:water/tea/coffee/milk/beer…
- 物质名词:soap/air/chocolate/rice…
- 抽象名词:love/friendship/enthusiam/happiness/information…
a piece of bread
a bar of soap
所有格
含义:这个东西是属于谁的。
’s(有生命的)
Lucy的朋友:Lucy’s friend.
我妈妈的包:my mother’s bag.
司机的电话号码:the driver’s phone number.
注意事项
the teachers’ reading room.
the workers’ club.
the students’ association.
of(无生命的)
the color of the car
the name of the song
the advantage of the plan
表示时间、距离、国家、城市的所有格用’s
today’s newspaper
one hour’s drive
the country’s plan
beijing’s weather
双重所有格
名词+of +名词所有格/名词性物主代词
a play of Shakespeare’s
a friend of my father’s
a novel of the writer’s
a friend of mine.
a nephew of hers.
a daughter of theirs.
特殊所有格
Mary and Alice’s mother.
Mr. Smith’s and Mr. Black’s cars.
名词的性别
法语中阴阳性。
king国王 - queen女王(往后)
wizard巫师- witch女巫
cock 公鸡 - hen 母鸡
landlord 男房东 - landlady 女房东
表示女性:-ess
god神 - goddess 女神
prince 王子 - princess 公主
actor 男演员 - actress 女演员
heir 男继承人 - heiress 女继承人
waiter男服务员 - waitress 女服务员